🔗 Tethering no Linux com celular Nokia, conectando no 3G da TIM

E eis que consegui conectar o notebook à internet usando o celular Nokia (N85) e um cabo USB. (Ok, tive que catar instruções lendo no browserzinho do celular, mas rolou!)

Condensando aqui as instruções para facilitar minha vida da próxima vez:

1) Configurar o celular para conectar em modo “PC Suite” (normalmente eu deixo em “Mass storage”). No celular: Tools → Settings → Connection→ USB → USB Connection Mode: “PC Suite”

2) Plugar o celular na USB. Devem aparecer linhas mais ou menos assim no log do kernel (/var/log/kernel, dmesg)

usb 2-1.2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5
usb 2-1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=0421, idProduct=0094
usb 2-1.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
usb 2-1.2: Product: N85
usb 2-1.2: Manufacturer: Nokia
usb 2-1.2: SerialNumber: 356808020426058
usb 2-1.2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
cdc_acm 2-1.2:1.1: ttyACM0: USB ACM device
usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_acm
cdc_acm: v0.26:USB Abstract Control Model driver for USB modems and ISDN adapters
NET: Registered protocol family 35
cdc_phonet: probe of 2-1.2:1.12 failed with error -22
usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_phonet
usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ether
usb 2-1.2: bad CDC descriptors
usbcore: registered new interface driver rndis_host
usb 2-1.2: bad CDC descriptors
usbcore: registered new interface driver rndis_wlan

O principal ali é o “ttyACM0”, que indica que criou o device. Conferir que existe agora um arquivo /dev/ttyACM0

3) Arquivo /etc/ppp/peers/tether:

ttyACM0 460800 crtscts
connect '/usr/sbin/chat -v -f /etc/ppp/chat-tether'
noauth

O nome “tether” é arbitrário, pode ser qualquer um (será usado abaixo), mas o pppd parece realmente querer os arquivos no diretório /etc/ppp/peers.

4) Arquivo /etc/ppp/chat-tether:

TIMEOUT 5
ECHO ON
ABORT BUSY
ABORT ERROR
ABORT 'NO CARRIER'
ABORT VOICE
ABORT 'NO DIALTONE'
ABORT 'NO DIAL TONE'
ABORT 'NO ANSWER'
ABORT DELAYED
TIMEOUT 12
'' ATZ
OK AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","tim.br"
OK ATD*99#
CONNECT ''

Note a APN da operadora TIM ali. Para outras operadoras, mudar ali de acordo (gprs.oi.com.br, claro.com.br, zap.vivo.com.br).

O nome do arquivo deve ser o mesmo referenciado dentro do arquivo /etc/ppp/peers/tether acima.

5) Rodar: sudo pppd call tether

Se tudo for bem, aparecerá algo assim no /var/log/messages:

Jul 16 21:24:32 (none) pppd[4746]: pppd 2.4.4 started by root, uid 0
Jul 16 21:24:33 (none) chat[4747]: timeout set to 5 seconds
Jul 16 21:24:33 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (BUSY)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (ERROR)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (NO CARRIER)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (VOICE)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (NO DIALTONE)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (NO DIAL TONE)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (NO ANSWER)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: abort on (DELAYED)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: timeout set to 12 seconds
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: send (ATZ^M)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: expect (OK)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: ATZ^M^M
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: OK
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]:  -- got it
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: send (AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","tom.br"^M)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: expect (OK)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: ^M
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","tom.br"^M^M
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: OK
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]:  -- got it
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: send (ATD*99#^M)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: expect (CONNECT)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: ^M
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: ATD*99#^M^M
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: CONNECT
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]:  -- got it
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) chat[4747]: send (^M)
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) pppd[4746]: Serial connection established.
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) pppd[4746]: Using interface ppp0
Jul 16 21:24:34 (none) pppd[4746]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyACM0
Jul 16 21:24:37 (none) pppd[4746]: local  IP address 189.67.100.239
Jul 16 21:24:37 (none) pppd[4746]: remote IP address 10.6.6.6

E deve aparecer um ppp0 no ifconfig:

ppp0      Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol
          inet addr:189.67.100.239  P-t-P:10.6.6.6  Mask:255.255.255.255
          UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:8938 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:7998 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:3
          RX bytes:7405264 (7.0 Mb)  TX bytes:1018670 (994.7 Kb)

6) Estabelecer o default gateway: sudo route add default gw 10.6.6.6

Conferir com o comando route:

Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
10.6.6.6        *               255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 ppp0
default         10.6.6.6        0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 ppp0

7) Configurar o DNS (por exemplo, com o DNS público do Google). Arquivo /etc/resolv.conf:

nameserver 8.8.8.8

Feito isso, o acesso à internet deve estar funcionando normalmente no computador!